Heartburn or indigestion is a burning sensation caused by irritation of the stomach or esophagus, usually by stomach acid.

The stomach lining is usually protected from it's own acid. The following factors tend to decrease this protection:

The esophagus is not protected, thus a burning sensation in the sub-sternal (below the sternum) may be due to the reflux of acid contents from the stomach into the lower esophagus.

Self Care:

• Avoid substances that aggravate your problem, such as:

  • Coffee

  • Tea

  • Alcohol

  • Aspirin

  • Ibuprofen

• Decrease smoking and stress

• Avoid substances or foods that specifically have caused a problem in the past. Each of us is different and certain foods may increase incidence of symptoms.

• Over-the-counter acid reducers such as Zantac, Pepcid, or Tagamet can help prevent heartburn if you take them before you anticipate indigestion.

• Use of non-absorbable antiacids, such as Maalox or Mylanta, may bring some relief.

  • Use with caution with history of heart disease or high blood pressure due to high sodium content.

  • Milk may be helpful, but may increase the problem in some people since it may trigger the secretion of more gastric acid.

• Measures to decrease reflux of acid into lower esophagus:

  • Avoid reclining after eating.

  • Elevate head of the bed 4" to 6" with blocks.

  • Avoid wearing tight fitting clothes (tight jeans, tight belts, etc).

When to see the Doctor

• Symptoms lasting more than 3 days.

• Vomiting black or bloody material

• Black, tar-like or unusually foul smelling stools

• Pain that extends to the back.